Search results for " Background"

showing 10 items of 316 documents

Disentangling the effect of host genetics and gut microbiota on resistance to an intestinal parasite

2019

11 pages; International audience; Resistance to infection is a multifactorial trait, and recent work has suggested that the gut microbiota can also contribute to resistance. Here, we performed a fecal microbiota transplant to disentangle the contribution of the gut microbiota and host genetics as drivers of resistance to the intestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus. We transplanted the microbiota of a strain of mice (SJL), resistant to H. polygyrus, into a susceptible strain (CBA) and vice-versa. We predicted that if the microbiota shapes resistance to H. polygyrus, the FMT should reverse the pattern of resistance between the two host strains. The two host strains had different microbi…

0301 basic medicineHeligmosomoides polygyrusGut floramedicine.disease_causeFecal microbiota transplant0302 clinical medicinefluids and secretionsMESH: Fecal Microbiota TransplantationParasite hostingColonizationMESH: AnimalsMESH: Strongylida InfectionsDisease ResistanceGeneticsNematospiroides dubiusbiology[SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biologyFecal Microbiota Transplantation3. Good healthInfectious DiseasesMESH: Nematospiroides dubiusGenetic Background030231 tropical medicineIntestinal parasiteHeterologousMice Inbred StrainsMESH: Disease ResistanceMESH: Host-Parasite InteractionsMESH: Mice Inbred Strainsdigestive systemMESH: Gastrointestinal MicrobiomeHost-Parasite Interactions03 medical and health sciencesImmunityparasitic diseasesmedicineAnimals[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyStrongylida InfectionsHost (biology)ImmunityLife history traitsMESH: Genetic Backgroundbiology.organism_classificationGastrointestinal MicrobiomeDisease Models Animalstomatognathic diseases030104 developmental biologyParasitologyHeligmosomoides polygyrusMESH: Disease Models Animal[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
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Cohen Syndrome-Associated Cataract Is Explained by VPS13B Functions in Lens Homeostasis and Is Modified by Additional Genetic Factors

2020

International audience; Purpose: Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by variants of the VPS13B gene. CS patients are affected with a severe form of retinal dystrophy, and in several cases cataracts also develop. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms and risk factors for cataract in CS, as well as to report on cataract surgeries in CS patients.Methods: To understand how VPS13B is associated with visual impairments in CS, we generated the Vps13b∆Ex3/∆Ex3 mouse model. Mice from 1 to 3 months of age were followed by ophthalmoscopy and slit-lamp examinations. Phenotypes were investigated by histology, immunohistochemistry, and western blot. Literature anal…

0301 basic medicinegenetic structuresDevelopmental DisabilitiesVesicular Transport Proteins030105 genetics & hereditysurgerygenetic backgroundchemistry.chemical_compoundLensMyopiaHomeostasisMice KnockoutCohen syndrome[SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologymedicine.diagnostic_testRetinal DegenerationGenetic disorderinflamma- tionVPS13BcataractKnockout mouseMicrocephalyMuscle Hypotoniamedicine.medical_specialtymouse modelBlotting WesternRetinitisFingersOphthalmoscopy03 medical and health sciencesCataractsIntellectual DisabilityOphthalmologyVPS13BLens CrystallinemedicineAnimalsObesityCohen syndromebusiness.industryfibrosisRetinalgenetic modifiersmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models Animalophthalmology030104 developmental biologyGene Expression RegulationchemistryinflammationRNAsense organsbusiness[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyInvestigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
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Personal background, motivation and interpersonal style of psychotherapy trainees having different theoretical orientations: An Italian contribution …

2018

Background: Therapist characteristics seem to be a key factor in clinical effectiveness. Trainees’ personal and professional background, motivation, and interpersonal style have been shown to deserve attention in previous research concerning therapist development and warrant further study due to their potential implications for psychotherapy training outcomes. Aim: To explore personal and professional background, motivation, and interpersonal style of psychotherapy trainees with different theoretical approaches. Findings: In the present study, 135 post-graduate psychotherapy trainees with different theoretical approaches (psychodynamic, systemic, and cognitive-behavioral) completed the Trai…

050103 clinical psychologyPsychotherapistPsychotherapy Training05 social sciencesInterpersonal stylepsychotherapy trainingtherapist background motivation interpersonal styleSPRISTAD International Study050106 general psychology & cognitive sciencesPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical Psychologyinterpersonal stylemotivationtherapist developmentPsychiatry and Mental HealthSettore M-PSI/07 - Psicologia Dinamica0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychologytherapist backgroundApplied PsychologyCounselling and Psychotherapy Research
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Past, Present and Future Perspectives on Halloysite Clay Minerals

2020

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), clay minerals belonging to the kaolin groups, are emerging nanomaterials which have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their interesting features, such as low-cost, availability and biocompatibility. In addition, their large surface area and tubular structure have led to HNTs’ application in different industrial purposes. This review reports a comprehensive overview of the historical background of HNT utilization in the last 20 years. In particular it will focus on the functionalization of the surfaces, both supramolecular and covalent, following applications in several fields, including biomedicine, environmental science and catalysis.

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Surface PropertiesSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Pharmaceutical ScienceNanotechnologyReviewhalloysite nanotubesengineering.materialHalloysiteAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441lcsh:Organic chemistryDrug DiscoveryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryParticle SizeMineralsMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicahistorical backgroundsupramolecular functionalizationChemistry (miscellaneous)engineeringMolecular MedicineClayClay mineralschemical modificationMolecules
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Consideraciones sobre la cláusula irph a la luz de sus antecedentes y de la doctrina consolidada del tribunal de justicia de la union europea

2021

By issuing its judgment of March 3, 2020, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has terminated the last episode in the evolution of the IRPH index to which almost a tenth of mortgages have been referring. in Spain, compared to the rest that the Euribor takes as a reference, declaring in essence that consumers will be able to go to court to declare the abusiveness of the clause that the aforementioned index contains in the deeds of constitution of the mortgage. To understand the scope of the current situation, it is convenient to consider even briefly what the IRPH consists of and the consequences that its application has entailed for the affected consumer borrowers, taking into …

:CIENCIAS JURÍDICAS [UNESCO]declaring in essence that consumers will be able to go to court to declare the abusiveness of the clause that the aforementioned index contains in the deeds of constitution of the mortgage. To understand the scope of the current situationconsumidorthe precedent that In this regardinterés variablelately and until there is any pronouncement by our Supreme Court2020índice IRPHthe most recent resolutions issued by our Courts and Provincial Courts. All these references integrate the content of this work. HipotecaIRPH indexcláusula abusivavariable interest2070-8157 22082 Revista Boliviana de Derecho 565487 2021 31 7730067 Consideraciones sobre la cláusula irph a la luz de sus antecedentes y de la doctrina consolidada del tribunal de justicia de la union europea Castillo MartínezUNESCO::CIENCIAS JURÍDICASCarolina del Carmen By issuing its judgment of March 3compared to the rest that the Euribor takes as a referenceabusive clausethe Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has terminated the last episode in the evolution of the IRPH index to which almost a tenth of mortgages have been referring. in Spaintaking into account the factual background that led to the issuance of the aforementioned resolutionconsume 504 549they included the conclusions of the Advocate Generalthe content of the STJUE itself andit is convenient to consider even briefly what the IRPH consists of and the consequences that its application has entailed for the affected consumer borrowersMortgage
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Search for Extraterrestrial Point Sources of Neutrinos with AMANDA-II

2003

We present the results of a search for point sources of high energy neutrinos in the northern hemisphere using AMANDA-II data collected in the year 2000. Included are flux limits on several AGN blazars, microquasars, magnetars and other candidate neutrino sources. A search for excesses above a random background of cosmic-ray-induced atmospheric neutrinos and misreconstructed downgoing cosmic-ray muons reveals no statistically significant neutrino point sources. We show that AMANDA-II has achieved the sensitivity required to probe known TeV gamma-ray sources such as the blazar Markarian 501 in its 1997 flaring state at a level where neutrino and gamma-ray fluxes are equal.

AMANDAcosmic radiation [neutrino]Solar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaparticle source [cosmic radiation]General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsmagnetic [matter]Astrophysicsnumerical methodsddc:550quasarBlazarAstroparticle physicsPhysicsphotomultipliercosmic radiation [muon]water [Cherenkov counter]Astrophysics (astro-ph)AstronomySolar neutrino problemCosmic neutrino backgroundNeutrino detectorMeasurements of neutrino speedHigh Energy Physics::Experimentflux [cosmic radiation]blazar [AGN]data managementNeutrinoupper limitexperimental results
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De Kelsen a la informática jurídica: una entrevista con Mario G. Losano

2018

Desde que su mentor, Norberto Bobbio, le encargara la traducción de la segunda edición de la Teoría pura del derecho (1960), la carrera de Mario G. Losano ha sido tan larga como polifacética. En esta entrevista, conversamos sobre su formación y sobre el contexto cultural que envolvió el inicio de su carrera académica en Italia. Posteriormente, nos centramos en dos de los principales temas de su producción académica. Por un lado, profundizamos en sus estudios kelsenianos, destacando el enfoque histórico que caracteriza su aproximación a los problemas iusfilosóficos. Y, por otro lado, abordamos el asunto de los orígenes y el desarrollo de la informática jurídica, de la cual el profesor Losano…

Academic careerCultural backgroundLegal informaticsSociologyDret FilosofiaHistorical methodEpistemologyFocus (linguistics)
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Correlation of the highest-energy cosmic rays with nearby extragalactic objects.

2007

Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory during the past 3.7 years, we demonstrated a correlation between the arrival directions of cosmic rays with energy above ~ 6x10^{19} electron volts and the positions of active galactic nuclei (AGN) lying within ~ 75 megaparsecs. We rejected the hypothesis of an isotropic distribution of these cosmic rays with at least a 99% confidence level from a prescribed a priori test. The correlation we observed is compatible with the hypothesis that the highest energy particles originate from nearby extragalactic sources whose flux has not been substantially reduced by interaction with the cosmic background radiation. AGN or objects having a similar…

Active galactic nucleus[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]AstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaparticle source [cosmic radiation]Cosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesFluxOsservatorio Pierre AugerCosmic rayanisotropyAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciences[PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO]Raggi cosmici0103 physical sciencesUltra-high-energy cosmic ray010303 astronomy & astrophysicsBackground radiationNuclei galattivi attiviPhysicsPierre Auger ObservatorySPECTRUMMultidisciplinary[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]010308 nuclear & particles physicsMedicine (all); MultidisciplinaryMedicine (all)Settore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics (astro-ph)angular dependence [cosmic radiation]Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFísicaEnergia ultra altaExperimental High Energy Physicsddc:500Energy (signal processing)experimental results
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Exploring the Background: Puzzles, Afterthoughts, and Replies

2017

In this paper I review the comments, and reply to the objections, put forward in the commentaries to my essay “Pre-conventions. A fragment of the Background”, published in issues n. 30 and 33 of Revus – Journal for Constitutional Theory and Philosophy of Law. My remarks fall under the following headings: 1. The social dimension of pre-conventions; 2. Pre-conventions and ordinary habits and dispositions; 3. Whether my examples are mistaken; 4. Reasons and causes; 5. Normative facts; 6. Whether abstract entities can be causes; 7. Are pre-conventions conditions of Lewis-conventions? 8. What can pre-conventions do for legal theory? 9. Whether I discharged my argumentative burdens. Raziskovanje …

ArgumentativeSettore IUS/20 - Filosofia Del DirittoPhilosophyprojectibility (induction)Rule followingkonvencijaSocial dimensionEpistemologyobičajConventionconvention custom rule-following projectibility (induction) the Background of intentionalityFragment (logic)conventionupoštevanje pravilOzadje intencionalnosticustomNormativerule-followingPhilosophy of lawthe Background of intentionalityLawprojiciranje (indukcija)Constitutional theory
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Robust Neutrino Constraints by Combining Low Redshift Observations with the CMB

2009

We illustrate how recently improved low-redshift cosmological measurements can tighten constraints on neutrino properties. In particular we examine the impact of the assumed cosmological model on the constraints. We first consider the new HST H-0 = 74.2 +/- 3.6 measurement by Riess et al. (2009) and the sigma(8)(Omega(m)/0.25)(0.41) = 0.832 +/- 0.033 constraint from Rozo et al. (2009) derived from the SDSS maxBCG Cluster Catalog. In a ACDM model and when combined with WMAP5 constraints, these low-redshift measurements constrain Sigma m(v) < 0.4 eV at the 95% confidence level. This bound does not relax when allowing for the running of the spectral index or for primordial tensor perturbations…

AstrofísicaAstrophysics and AstronomyCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Cosmic microwave backgroundDark matterFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesNeutrinsNeutrinos010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsSpectral indexCosmologia010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquation of state (cosmology)SupernovesAstronomy and AstrophysicsCoupling (probability)RedshiftCosmologyHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologySupernovaeDark energyHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinoAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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